Skip to main content

Center of Gravity of Moving Objects

A yellow diamond-shaped road sign, showing an icon of a truck tipping to the right and a curved arrow. Below the icon is the number 35, indicating a recommended speed limit of 35 miles per hour for the curve ahead to prevent rollovers.
A sign warning trucks to slow down or risk tipping over

Balancing Gravity and Other Forces

Consider the truck shown on the sign. Trucks that carry heavy loads are often taller than they are wide. Even so, if the truck's center of gravity (CoG) stays above the wheels, the truck will stay upright.

As the truck moves, changes in the slope or pitch of the road will affect the pull of gravity on the truck's CoG. So will the truck's inertia. Inertia is the resistance an object has to change in its current state of motion or velocity. If the truck goes quickly around a curve, inertia will cause the mass of the truck to pull to one side. If these effects are strong enough, the wheels will no longer be under the CoG, and the truck will topple over.

Consider these factors, and how they affect a truck's CoG:

  • Does the truck's CoG move as more weight is added to its cargo?
  • If so, in which direction?
  • How does the placement of cargo inside the truck affect the truck's CoG?
  • What happens if the cargo is able to slide or roll around inside the truck?